Guide Step by Step:

1. Understanding the Error: The [EB|#LOG:EXITBS:START] is a common error in the Hackintosh process, often related to misconfigurations in EFI or issues with the hardware compatibility. Given your hardware specs, particularly the 12th Gen Intel Core i5 and NVIDIA GPU, there are specific considerations to address.

2. Verify BIOS Settings:

   • Ensure that your BIOS is set up correctly for a Hackintosh.
   • Disable Secure Boot, Fast Boot, and VT-d (if not needed).
   • Set SATA to AHCI mode.
   • Enable XHCI Hand-Off.
   • If available, disable CFG-Lock or alternatively use the AppleCpuPmCfgLock and AppleXcpmCfgLock quirks in OpenCore.

3. Review EFI Folder:

   • Ensure that your EFI folder is correctly structured for an Intel 12th Gen CPU.
   • Your EFI should include necessary kexts like VirtualSMC, Lilu, WhateverGreen, and appropriate network kexts for Intel Wi-Fi and Ethernet.

4. CPU and GPU Compatibility:

   • The 12th Gen Intel CPUs require specific configurations. Ensure you are following the guide for Alder Lake processors.
   • macOS does not support NVIDIA GPUs from the Maxwell series onwards, including the GTX 3050. You will need to disable the NVIDIA GPU and rely on the integrated Intel graphics.

5. Config.plist Checks:

   • Review your config.plist file thoroughly.
   • For 12th Gen Intel CPUs, ensure you're using the correct SMBIOS. Typically, models like iMac20,2 are used.
   • Verify that your config.plist has the correct settings under DeviceProperties to disable the NVIDIA GPU and enable the integrated graphics.
   • Check ACPI patches and make sure they are relevant to your specific hardware.

6. SSDTs and DSDTs:

   • Confirm that you have the necessary SSDTs for your system. If you're not familiar with SSDT patching, use prebuilt ones from the OpenCore guide as a starting point.
   • Avoid using DSDTs from other systems as they are hardware-specific.

7. Kexts and Drivers:

   • Ensure all your kexts are up to date.
   • Include kexts for Intel Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, but be aware that not all Intel wireless cards are supported in macOS.

8. Debugging:

   • Use the debug version of OpenCore to get more detailed logs.
   • Check the OpenCore logs to pinpoint where the boot process is halting.

9. Community Support:

   • If you're still stuck, consider seeking help from the Hackintosh community. Provide details of your hardware, EFI setup, and the steps you've already taken.

10. Testing and Iteration:

    • Hackintoshing often requires multiple attempts and configurations. Make changes incrementally and test each change.

11. Last Resort - Different macOS Version:

    • If Catalina continues to be problematic, consider trying a different version of macOS that might have better compatibility with your hardware.

Remember, building a Hackintosh is a process of trial and error, especially with newer hardware like yours. Patience and thoroughness are key.